A simulation model for lean, agile, resilient and green supply chain management: practices and interoperability assessment

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialIn today’s global market, the environment of unpredictable events has imposed a competitiveness improvement that requires a greater coordination and collaboration among Supply Chain (SC) entities, i.e., an effective Supply Chain Management (SCM). In this context, Lean, Agile, Resilient and Green (LARG) strategies emerged as a response. However, interoperability issues are always presents in operations among SC entities. From the Information Technology (IT) perspective, among all the multi-decisional techniques supporting a logistics network, simulation appears as an essential tool that allow the quantitative evaluation of benefits and issues deriving from a co-operative environment. The present work provides a SC simulation model for analysing the effect of the interoperability degree of LARG practices in the SC performance, through Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s) such as cost, lead time and service level. The creation of two scenarios with a different point of view about the LARG practices allowed to analyse which one contributes to the best SC performance. Since some of the inputs were assumed, it was made a sensitivity analysis to validate the output of the simulation model. Based on the creation of six types of math expressions, it was possible to establish the connection between the effect of the interoperability degree of LARG practices and the SC performance. This analysis was applied on a case study that was conducted at some entities of a Portuguese automotive SC. The software used to develop the simulation model is Arena, which is considered a user-friendly and dynamic tool. It was concluded that SCM, interoperability and simulation subjects must be applied together to help organisations to achieve overall competitiveness, focusing their strategies on a co-operative environment

A produção do espaço urbano no “Bairro Cidade dos Colibris” do início aos dias atuais em João Pessoa – Paraíba: produção de desigualdades socioespaciais

The present study is related to the production of urban space about the “Cidade dos Colibris” as well as its expansion. The objective of this research is to understand the formation of this neighborhood since its origin when it there was only farmlands, passing through the process of subdivision until the present day, as well the processes that collaborated with this dynamic. “Cidade do Colibris” is in the southern part of the city of João Pessoa on the state of Paraíba in Brazil, where today it is one of the areas of greater urban and population growth, the neighborhood undergoes a process of verticalization, a symbol of modernism in Brazilian cities, which is linked to the accumulation and reproduction of capitalism. The applied methodology was the use of primary and secondary data, images and field observations on site, to have a greater dimension of the changes that occurred in the "Cidade dos Colibris" throughout its urban expansion. The research represents qualitative and quantitative case study, with theoretical basis authors addressing related themes in other regions of the city and in the country. The location of the neighborhood in the municipality facilitates the movement to any region of the city, this aspect has been a strong point, since this characteristic is used in the definition of the value of lands and properties, made by urban agents, that are related to formation of the urban space of that neighborhood. These agents calculate and attribute the price of urban land, giving rise to real estate speculation. In this context, municipal government determines the laws of expansion urbanism and the basic infrastructure to motivate the construction of new enterprises and improve the life quality of the resident population in the neighborhood. This work aims to contribute to future research in urban geography on the “Cidade dos Colibris” and the southern part of the capital of Paraíba state, where the growth is constant year after year. After conducting the research, it was possible to understand how the process of production of the urban space in the neighborhood works, the difficulties faced by the inhabitants, the growth of the urban network and some points that could be improved, such as the implantation of adequate infrastructure in all the streets of this neighborhood.O presente estudo trata sobre a produção do espaço urbano no bairro Cidade dos Colibris bem como da sua expansão. O objetivo da pesquisa é compreender a formação desse bairro desde sua origem quando se tratava das terras de uma fazenda, passando pelo processo de loteamento até os dias atuais, como os processos que colaboraram com esta dinâmica. Localizado na zona Sul da cidade de João Pessoa-Paraíba, onde hoje é uma das áreas de maior crescimento urbano e populacional, o bairro passa por um processo de verticalização, símbolo do modernismo das cidades brasileiras, que está vinculado ao acumulo e reprodução do capitalismo. A metodologia aplicada foi a utilização de dados primários e secundários, imagens e observações de campo assistemáticas no local, para assim ter uma maior dimensão das mudanças ocorridas no “Cidade dos Colibris” ao longo de sua expansão urbana. A pesquisa é um estudo de caso sendo qualitativa e quantitativa, tendo base teórica autores que abordam temas correlatos em outras regiões da cidade e país. A localização do bairro no munícipio facilita o deslocamento a qualquer região da cidade, esse aspecto tem sido visto como um ponto forte, uma vez que essa característica é usada na definição do valor dos terrenos e imóveis, feito por agentes produtores do espaço urbano relacionados à formação do espaço urbano daquele bairro. Estes agentes calculam e atribuem o preço da terra urbana, dando origem a especulação imobiliária. Nesse Contexto, o poder municipal determina as leis de urbanismo expansão e a infraestrutura básica para motivar a construção de novos empreendimentos e melhorar a qualidade de vida da população residente no bairro. Este trabalho visa poder contribuir para futuras pesquisas na Geografia urbana sobre o Cidade dos Colibris e a zona Sul da capital paraibana, onde é constante o crescimento ano após ano. Após realizar a pesquisa foi possível compreender como funciona o processo de produção do espaço urbano no bairro, as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos moradores, o crescimento da rede urbana e alguns pontos onde podem melhorar, como por exemplo a implantação de infraestrutura adequada em todas as ruas do bairro

AS MADEIRAS NA BAHIA ATLÂNTICA COLONIAL: USOS E SABERES (1780-1808)

A madeira no período pré-industrial ocupava um lugar, com os riscos da comparação, que hoje é do aço. Com a fibra lenhosa era possível produzir desde utensílios domésticos até grandes embarcações, além das mais diversas obras públicas e particulares

A BOTÂNICA E AS MEMÓRIAS CIENTÍFICAS NA BAHIA ATLÂNTICA COLONIAL (1768-1808)

Esse trabalho buscou identificar padrões nas memórias científicas produzidas entre o final do século XVIII e início do século XIX, período no qual recortamos um total de (07) sete dessas produções na Bahia. O período escolhido coincide com o processo de institucionalização da filosofia natural portuguesa, bem como as repercussões do iluminismo na monarquia que trouxe maior racionalidade à administração

Radiological practices using dosimetric films and electronic dosimeters in F-18 production at cyclotron complex center at IEN/CNEN

The aim of this work is to evaluate, guide and correct radiological practices based on dose rate values obtained from dosimetric films and electronic dosimeters used by technicians involved in Fluorine-18 production facilities at IEN/CNEN. Standard statistical methods have been used to analyze and to evaluate these results. The comparison between these results is the first step to orient decisions concerning radiological practices. Besides, radiometric routine surveys are under evaluation in order to improve radiological control in these facility areas. The electronic dosimeters provide the technicians immediate reading and this help them take protective action immediately. So the comparison between dosimetric film and electronic dosimeters data will provide information about how the recently employed electronic dosimeters are being used and what corrections in their practical use are necessary in order to achieve correct practices. In addition the results and observations obtained will be very important to implement possible changes in radiological routine practices in order to optimize them and keep occupationally exposed individuals radiological dose rates, as low as reasonably achievable, according to ALARA principle

Auto-Disinfectant Acrylic Paints Functionalised with Triclosan and Isoborneol - Antibacterial Assessment

This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymeric FilmsEnvironmental surface contamination with microorganisms is a serious concern worldwide. Triclosan and isoborneol present good antimicrobial activity. Their immobilisation to paint substrates allows for development of a material that stays effective over a longer time. In this work, we disclosed the preliminary studies to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the active molecule after being functionalised with isocyanates for further immobilisation on the paint substrate. Overall, the newly developed non-release antimicrobial coating provides an effective way of preventing the spread of diseases and has been proven to inhibit bacterial growth and with a considerable antimicrobial activity towards S. aureus, E. coli, and K. variicola at the tested concentrations.This research was funded by Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização–COMPETE2020/FEDER, towards the project B-Safecoat (POCI-01-0247-FEDER-017875), and by FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) through the PhD grant attributed to MMQ (SFRH/BD/130203/2017).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Self-Disinfecting Paints with the Natural Antimicrobial Substances: Colophony and Curcumin

This article belongs to the Special Issue Nature Inspired Antibiotic Adjuvants to Face the Problem of Multidrug Resistance and Biofilm InfectionsThe risk of infection arising from indirect sources-namely, contaminated surfaces-has been proved, particularly in healthcare facilities. In the attempt to minimize this problem, innumerable research projects involving the development of surfaces with self-disinfecting properties are being conducted. In this work, wall-paints with self-disinfecting properties were developed with the scope of being applied in environments prone to contamination, such as those at healthcare settings. Our approach was to develop new paint formulations containing two natural plant-based products with known antimicrobial activity-colophony (CLF) and curcumin (CUR). The natural substances were separately incorporated on a commercial paint and their antibacterial activity was evaluated with several bacterial species following ISO 22196. To assess the paints' safety, cytotoxicity tests were performed on HaCaT and A549 cell lines, using tests on extracts and direct contact tests, as suggested by the standardized protocol ISO 10993. In general, both paints containing CLF and CUR were able to reduce the bacterial growth after 24 h, compared with the control, the commercial unmodified paint. Colophony was even able to reduce the number of culturable bacteria by over 2 log for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus cereus. Regarding the cytotoxicity tests performed (WST-1, NRU, and LDH), both formulations revealed promising results regardless of the methodology used.This research was funded by Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionaliza‐ ção-COMPETE2020/FEDER, towards the project B‐Safecoat (POCI‐01‐0247‐FEDER‐017875), and by FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) through the PhD grant awarded to M.M.Q. (SFRH/BD/130203/2017).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development and In Vitro Validation of Antibacterial Paints Containing Chloroxylenol and Terpineol

This article belongs to the Section Toxicology.The establishment of self-disinfecting surfaces is an important method to avoid surface contamination. Recently, paints with antimicrobial properties have been developed to be applied on different surfaces, avoiding contamination with pathogens. In this work, self-disinfecting paints containing Chloroxylenol (CLX), Terpineol (TRP), and a mixture of both substances were developed. The goal was to evaluate and validate these paints using international standards for eventual commercialization and application in scenarios where surface contamination represents a problem. The paints were challenged with five different bacteria, Gram-positive and Gram- negative, before and after a scrub resistance test, where the long-term efficacy of the paints was evaluated. The antibacterial activity assessment was performed following ISO 22196 and JIS Z2801. In general, the paints showed very promising results, demonstrating their antibacterial activity, before and after scrub resistance test. The paint incorporating the mixture of CLX and TRP (CLX+TRP) stood out by revealing consistent results of antibacterial activity both before and after the scrub resistance test for most of the tested bacteria. The cytotoxicity of the developed paints was assessed in vitro by performing tests by direct contact with a human skin cell line, HaCaT, and testes on extracts with HaCaT and a pulmonary cell line, A549. The methodologies for cytotoxicity assessment were developed based in ISO 10993. For genotoxicity assessment, alkaline comet assay was conducted on both cell lines. The cytotoxicity assessment revealed promising results with the paints, demonstrating values of cellular viability above 70% and values of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage below 30%. The genotoxic assessment also revealed acceptable values of primary DNA damage for the developed antibacterial paints. In general, the selected methodologies presented good potential to be applied in the validation of both efficacy and safety of the antimicrobial paints, aiming to be applied in real scenarios.This research was funded by Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionaliza ção—COMPETE2020/FEDER, towards the project B-Safecoat (POCI-01-0247-FEDER-017875), and by FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) through the PhD grant awarded to M.M.Q. (SFRH/BD/130203/2017)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Bioactive glass added to autogenous bone graft in maxillary sinus augmentation: a prospective histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and bone graft resorption assessment

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the bone resorption rate, histomorphometry and immunohistochemical findings of bioactive glass (Biogran; Biomet, Warsaw, IN, USA) mixed with autogenous bone grafts (1:1) and autogenous bone graft isolate in maxillary sinus elevation surgery. Material and Methods: A total of 9 maxillary sinuses were grafted with Biogran with autogenous bone graft (group 1) and 12 were mixed with autogenous bone graft (group 2). Postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to measure the initial graft volume after 15 days (T1), and 6 months later, another CBCT scan was performed to evaluate the final graft volume (T2) and determine the graft resorption rate. The resorption outcomes were 37.9%±18.9% in group 1 and 45.7%±18.5% in group 2 (P=0.82). After 6 months, biopsies were obtained concurrent with the placement of dental implants; these implants were subjected to histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemical analysis for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Results: The average bone formation in group 1 was 36.6%±12.9 in the pristine bone region, 33.2%±13.3 in the intermediate region, and 45.8%±13.8 in the apical region; in group 2, the values were 34.4%±14.4, 35.0%±13.9, and 42.0%±16.6 of new bone formation in the pristine bone, intermediate, and apical regions, respectively. Immunostaining for TRAP showed poor clastic activity in both groups, which can indicate that those were in the remodeling phase. Conclusions: The similarity between the groups in the formation and maintenance of the graft volume after 6 months suggests that the bioactive glass mixed with autogenous bone (1:1) can be used safely as a bone substitute for the maxillary sinus lift